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Chapter 18 Quiz

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Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

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 1. 
_____ Gadsden Purchase
 

 2. 
_____ Kansas Territory
 

 3. 
_____ California
 

 4. 
_____ Nebraska Territory
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 5. 
In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity, party leaders
a)
decided to ban slavery from all United States territories.
b)
decided to allow slavery into all United States territories.
c)
avoided public discussion of slavery.
d)
banished abolitionists from membership in either national party.
e)
worked to make third parties almost impossible.
 

 6. 
The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in all of the following except
a)
renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories.
b)
a possible split in the Whig and Democrat parties over slavery.
c)
the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States.
d)
a rush of settlers to new American territory in California.
e)
acquisition of the Oregon territory.
 

 7. 
The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have
a)
prevented the taking of any territory from Mexico.
b)
required California to enter the Union as a slave state.
c)
overturned the Fugitive Slave Law.
d)
prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War.
e)
acquired Cuba as a slave territory.
 

 8. 
The Free Soil party of 1848 harbored many northerners who stood squarely against slavery in the territories primarily on the grounds that
a)
further expansion of slavery might break up the union.
b)
it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise up from wage-earning dependence.
c)
slavery was a moral evil contrary to American principles.
d)
slave labor would be unproductive in the West.
e)
the southern fire-eaters were already planning further expansion into Central America.
 

 9. 
According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by
a)
the most popular national leaders.
b)
a national referendum by the Electoral College.
c)
congressional legislation.
d)
a Supreme Court decision.
e)
the people in any given territory.
 

 10. 
The Free Soilers condemned slavery because
a)
of the harm it did to blacks.
b)
of moral principles.
c)
it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to self-employment.
d)
it was the only way they had of combating the appeal of the Democratic party.
e)
it damaged the national economy.
 

 11. 
Harriet Tubman gained fame
a)
by helping slaves to escape to Canada.
b)
in the gold fields of California.
c)
as an African American antislavery novelist.
d)
as an advocate of the Fugitive Slave Law.
e)
by urging white women to oppose slavery.
 

 12. 
During the 1850s, slaves probably gained their freedom most frequently by
a)
running away.
b)
being emancipated in their masters' will.
c)
rebellion.
d)
appeal to the courts.
e)
self-purchase or voluntary emancipation.
 

 13. 
John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved
a)
a constitutional amendment permanently guaranteeing equal numbers of slave and free states.
b)
southern secession from the Union.
c)
support of Henry Clay's proposed concessions by both the North and the South.
d)
repealing the president's veto power.
e)
the election of two presidents, one from the North and one from the South.
 

 14. 
In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster
a)
attacked Henry Clay's compromise proposals.
b)
called for a new, more stringent fugitive-slave law.
c)
advocated a congressional ban on slavery in the territories.
d)
proposed a scheme for electing two presidents, one from the North and one from the South, each having veto power.
e)
became a hated figure in the South.
 

 15. 
For his position in his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster was viciously condemned by
a)
northern Unionists.
b)
northern banking and commercial interests.
c)
abolitionists.
d)
Henry Clay.
e)
John C. Calhoun.
 

 16. 
The Young Guard from the North
a)
regarded preserving the Union as their top priority.
b)
agreed fully with the Old Guard on the issue of slavery.
c)
saw expansionism as a solution to the slavery question.
d)
gave support to John C. Calhoun's plan for rescuing the Union.
e)
were most interested in purging and purifying the Union.
 

 17. 
In the debates of 1850, Senator William H. Seward, as a representative of the northern Young Guard, argued that
a)
the Constitution must be obeyed.
b)
John C. Calhoun's compromise plan must be adopted to preserve the Union.
c)
Christian legislators must obey God's moral law.
d)
compromise must be achieved to preserve the Union.
e)
African Americans should be granted their own territory.
 

 18. 
During the debate of 1850, ____ argued that there was a higher law than the Constitution that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories.
a)
William H. Seward
b)
Henry Clay
c)
Daniel Webster
d)
Stephen A. Douglas
e)
Zachary Taylor
 

 19. 
An event that helped the cause of compromise in 1850, was when President Zachary Taylor
a)
led an invasion of Texas to halt its attempts to take part of New Mexico.
b)
supported fellow southerner John C. Calhoun's plan for union.
c)
died suddenly and Millard Fillmore became president.
d)
ushered in a second Era of Good Feelings.
e)
decided not to run for re-election.
 

 20. 
In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories was
a)
to be banned.
b)
protected by federal law.
c)
to be decided by popular sovereignty.
d)
to be ignored until either territory applied for admission to statehood.
e)
to be decided by the Supreme Court.
 

 21. 
The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning
a)
slavery in the District of Columbia.
b)
slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories.
c)
the new Fugitive Slave Law.
d)
settlement of the Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute.
e)
continuation of the interstate slave trade.
 

 22. 
The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 included all of the following provisions except
a)
the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada.
b)
denial of a jury trial to runaway slaves.
c)
denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their own behalf.
d)
the penalty of imprisonment for northerners who helped slaves to escape.
e)
a higher payment if officials determined blacks to be runaways.
 

 23. 
Many northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850's provision regarding
a)
slavery in the District of Columbia.
b)
slavery in the territories.
c)
restrictions on free blacks.
d)
the interstate slave trade.
e)
runaway slaves.
 

 24. 
The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over
a)
the nomination of General Winfield Scott or Daniel Webster.
b)
slavery.
c)
the Gadsden Purchase.
d)
homestead laws.
e)
the transcontinental railroad route.
 

 25. 
The man who opened Japan to the United States was
a)
William Walker.
b)
Franklin Pierce.
c)
Lafcadio Hearn.
d)
Clayton Bulwer.
e)
Matthew Perry.
 

 26. 
The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was
a)
Panama.
b)
Nicaragua.
c)
Cuba.
d)
Hawaii.
e)
the Dominican Republic.
 

 27. 
The Pierce administration's secret scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when
a)
Spain threatened a preemptive war against the United States.
b)
the secret Ostend Manifesto was leaked to the public.
c)
United States leaders signed the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty.
d)
Spain declared that it would abolish slavery in Cuba.
e)
United States adventurers bungled their invasion.
 

 28. 
Some Southerners felt Cuba would be an enticing prospect for annexation for all of the following reasons except it
a)
was not controlled by any European power and would be easily acquired.
b)
was a sugar-rich and economically productive territory.
c)
already had a large population of enslaved blacks.
d)
could be carved into several states, restoring political balance in the Senate.
e)
was located just off the nation's southern doorstep.
 

 29. 
On July 3, 1844, the first formal diplomatic agreement between the United States and China was the
a)
Ostend Manifesto.
b)
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty.
c)
Chinese Open-Door Treaty.
d)
Treaty of Wanghia.
e)
Hong Kong/Chinese Treaty.
 

 30. 
Most American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from United States control was to
a)
allow slavery in these areas.
b)
build a canal across Central America.
c)
grant the territories quick statehood.
d)
construct a transcontinental railroad.
e)
establish large naval bases in San Diego and Seattle.
 

 31. 
A southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because
a)
northern areas were organized territories.
b)
slave labor could be used to construct it.
c)
the railroad would be easier to build in this area.
d)
Mexican leader Santa Anna agreed to contribute money for the project.
e)
it would firmly tie southern California to the Union.
 

 32. 
Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Territory be decided by
a)
popular sovereignty.
b)
making Kansas a free territory and Nebraska a slave territory.
c)
the Supreme Court.
d)
admitting California, Kansas, and Nebraska to the Union as free states.
e)
the winner of the next presidential election.
 

 33. 
Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the
a)
Compromise of 1850.
b)
Fugitive Slave Act.
c)
Wilmot Proviso.
d)
Northwest Ordinance.
e)
Missouri Compromise.
 



 
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